Connecting the internal combustion engine directly to the wheels reduces energy loss. It enables you to use the internal combustion engine to provide more power to move the car. Since the number of components in this system is less, the hybrid car operating on this system is lighter in weight.
Disadvantages of a hybrid car
- As internal combustion engines are not practical at all speeds.
- Also, this system requires the use of a gearbox, unlike the serial system.
- Since this system requires two different power sources to be connected to the gearbox, complex coupling mechanisms must be used to prevent one from blocking the other.
Hybrid cars with a mixed system
As the name suggests, these cars use a system that combines the two previous systems, as the engine in this system communicates directly with the wheels via a gearbox on one side.
On the other hand, it is connected to an electric generator that charges the battery or provides electricity directly to the electric motor, which is also connected to the gearbox.
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In cars operating with this system, there is a special computer that senses the driving conditions and the status of the battery to choose the most suitable driving mode to obtain the greatest savings.
When the battery is full and the road does not require much power, the computer turns off the internal combustion engine and drives using only electric power.
But when the car needs more torque or the battery charge drops, the computer starts the internal combustion engine automatically.
Classification of hybrid cars according to capacity
Hybrid cars are divided into this classification according to the capacity of the electric motors used in them and the type of batteries present. Some companies reduce this capacity to reduce the price and cost, so they are classified into:
- Mini Hybrids
These cars contain small batteries to reduce costs, and their role is limited to supporting the internal combustion engine only as the capacity of the battery and electric motors do not allow the internal combustion engine to be separated.
- Mild Hybrids
The electrical equipment of this type is larger and is mainly used in parallel cars, but it also does not provide the possibility of driving in fully electric mode.
You can even use this mode for short distances, and the price of these cars is average.
- Strong Hybrids
These cars can be serial, parallel, or even hybrid cars, this type of driving allows the use of electric mode and the separation of the internal combustion engine completely and for greater distances.
It also supports the ability to automatically disconnect the internal combustion engine when stopped to save fuel when driving in cities.
Features and specifications of hybrid cars
- Automatic engine stop
The most common cause of fuel waste in ordinary cars is constant stopping, as the engine consumes fuel when stopping and needs a larger amount to start the car.
Therefore, hybrid cars disconnect the internal combustion engine when stopping and use the electric motor alone to start the car.
- Charging when braking
The car gains kinetic energy when it is on the roads, as the principle of braking depends on increasing the friction between the wheels and the road to reduce this energy.
Instead of letting this energy be completely wasted, the hybrid cars invest it and convert it into electric energy that is used to charge the batteries.
- Electrical brake support
Hybrid cars benefit from the direct connection of electric motors to the wheels and use them in the process of braking and reducing the speed of rotation of the wheels.
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The hybrid car is a transitional stage to electric cars
Basically, the main reason for the manufacture of these cars is the desire to reduce fuel consumption as a result of the increase in its prices.
Therefore, we can consider those hybrid cars are nothing more than a transitional model between cars operating on internal transmission engines and electric cars.
Taking into account the current conditions and the ongoing research for the development of electric cars; It seems that we are getting close to an efficient and practical design for electric cars that compete with fuel-powered cars.
But if we look at the matter realistically, hybrid cars will remain in the market for at least the next two decades, as not all regular cars can be replaced immediately.
The most important features of hybrid cars
- You save fuel significantly, as some hybrid cars enable you to drive twice the distance with the same amount of fuel.
- It benefits the environment, as it reduces carbon dioxide emissions.
- Reduce noise, especially in cities because of its ability to take off electricity.
- The use of the electric motor in braking significantly increases the life of the brakes.
- It allows manufacturers to use smaller engines to get roughly the same performance; This contributes to reducing the cost and weight of the vehicle.
The Performance of Hybrid cars
These cars require expensive equipment to manufacture such as batteries and electric motors, in addition to the vehicle’s computer control systems. The performance of hybrid cars is still far from the performance of conventional cars when driving off-road. Hybrid cars are usually more expensive than regular cars.
In the end, it can be said that this car is the best option for driving in cities, especially those that experience suffocation. If you mainly drive on highways or off-road and mountainous terrain, regular cars are still your best option.
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